Bronchiectasia is a disease characterized by permanent,progressive,and irreversible airway dilation due to chronic suppurative inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchi and surrounding lung tissue,and its prevalence is constantly increasing globally.Compared with Westerners,the incidence rate of this disease among Asians is three times higher.Classic"bronchiectal pathogens,including Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae,and Gram negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa,have been identified as capable of causing invasive pneumonia.Neisseria,which is often found in bronchiectasis flora,has always been considered as respiratory commensal bacteria and has no impact on bronchiectasis and other lung diseases.

　　On September 14,2022,the team of Sanjay H.Chotirmal,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore,published the research achievement entitled"Neisseria species as pathologies in bronchiectasis"on Cell Host&Microbe(IF:31.316).The team determined that Neisseria is the pathogen of bronchiectasis by combining population cohort,next-generation sequencing,systematic biology and animal model research.This study breaks the traditional cognition of Neisseria on the impact of lung diseases,and is of great significance for the diagnosis,grading and treatment of bronchiectasis.